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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=ES link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>The correct results reported by sysbench was:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=543 style='width:407.0pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none'><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=223 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:167.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>Concurrent Users<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>1<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>20<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>50<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>100<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=223 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:167.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>PostgreSQL<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>3582<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>11943<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>12852<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>10618<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=223 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:167.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>Pgpool<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>2240<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>7628<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>7013<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 3.5pt 0cm 3.5pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>6135<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Is there any way to tuning this behavior?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='mso-fareast-language:ES'>De:</span></b><span style='mso-fareast-language:ES'> Lazaro Garcia [mailto:lazaro3487@gmail.com] <br><b>Enviado el:</b> miércoles, 8 de febrero de 2017 05:28 p. m.<br><b>Para:</b> 'pgpool-general@pgpool.net'; 'pgsql-admin@postgresql.org'<br><b>Asunto:</b> Why pgpool TPS is lowest versus postgresql direct connections?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>After installed Pgpool with 2 postgresql nodes with streaming replication, I have noticed that access directly to postgresql is more efficient than through pgpool.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>I supposed that load balance could increase the transactions per second executed because each node could receive more load, but the results shown below are not expected.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>This is the setup:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Pgpool 3.6.1 whit connection pooling, streaming replication mode and load balancing mode.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>2 PostgreSQL server 9.6.1 whit streaming replication.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>For the tests I used sysbench and pgbench.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>The results of sysbench:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=543 style='width:407.0pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=223 nowrap valign=top style='width:167.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>Concurrent Users<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>1<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>20<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>50<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>100<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=223 nowrap valign=top style='width:167.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>PostgreSQL (TPS) Direct<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>1166<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>20936<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>25743<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>27344<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=223 nowrap valign=top style='width:167.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>Pgpool (TPS)<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>2240<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>7628<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>7013<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>6135<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>The results of pgbench<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=457 style='width:343.0pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=137 nowrap valign=top style='width:103.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>1<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>20<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>50<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-left:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>100<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=137 nowrap valign=top style='width:103.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>PostgreSQL (TPS) Direct<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>1403<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>6805<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>6194<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>5726<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:15.0pt'><td width=137 nowrap valign=top style='width:103.0pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>Pgpool (TPS)<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>511<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>5430<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>5528<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width=80 nowrap valign=top style='width:60.0pt;border-top:none;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;height:15.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='color:black;mso-fareast-language:ES'>4705<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>As you can see in both cases even with load balance, the total transactions per second are lower.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Is this the expected behavior. Is there any way to allow more TPS when pgpool is used?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>There are other publications with similar results:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><a href="https://www.os3.nl/_media/2011-2012/courses/lia/rory_breuk_gerrie_veerman_-_report.pdf">https://www.os3.nl/_media/2011-2012/courses/lia/rory_breuk_gerrie_veerman_-_report.pdf</a> (page 28)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://www.mail-archive.com/pgpool-general@pgfoundry.org/msg03326.html">http://www.mail-archive.com/pgpool-general@pgfoundry.org/msg03326.html</a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Regards<o:p></o:p></p></div></body></html>